IELTS Writing · 12

Across the world, a growing number of cities are closing their central streets to traffic and creating pedestrian-only zones. In my view, although such schemes bring certain inconveniences, their benefits clearly outweigh the drawbacks. The most obvious advantage relates to public health and safety. When private cars and lorries are excluded, the air becomes noticeably cleaner because exhaust fumes are reduced, and the risk of road accidents involving pedestrians almost disappears. People also tend to walk and cycle more, which encourages a healthier lifestyle. In addition, car-free centres are generally calmer and quieter, making them more pleasant places to spend time. A second benefit is economic. Streets free of traffic often attract more shoppers and tourists, who linger in cafés, markets and shops. Many European cities, such as Copenhagen, have reported that retail activity actually increased after pedestrianisation, because the comfortable atmosphere persuades visitors to stay longer and spend more. Nevertheless, there are some genuine disadvantages. Banning vehicles can create difficulties for elderly or disabled residents who rely on cars, as well as for delivery firms and emergency services that need direct access. Traffic that previously passed through the centre may also be displaced onto surrounding roads, leading to congestion and pollution in nearby neighbourhoods. Furthermore, the transition can be expensive, requiring new car parks, public transport links and careful planning. In conclusion, while pedestrian zones do present challenges relating to access and traffic displacement, these problems can usually be managed through good design and reliable public transport. Given the substantial gains in health, safety and economic vitality, I firmly believe the advantages of pedestrianising city centres outweigh the disadvantages.